The second part (technicalled called label) of the domain names, i.e, the one after the dot (first label from the right most), is technically called a TLD. Initially only a handful of TLDs existed. Best example of early TLDs are:

• .com - originally meant for (US) commercial organisations.
• .org - originally meant for Non-profit organizations.
• .net - originally meant for Internet providers.
• .info - Information services.

The restriction with these TLDs are no more in place and any person can register domain names with these TLDs. Not only this, over the period of time since usage of internet among general public, a lot more TLDs have come into existence. These TLDs can be classified as follows:

• gTLD - called generic "Top-Level-Domains"
• sTLD - Sponsored Top Level Domain (sTLD).
• uTLD - Unsponsored Top Level Domains.
• ccTLD - Country Code Top Level Domains (ccTLD).

IDNs - Internationalized Domain Names (IDNs) permit the global community to use a domain name in their native language or script. This is enabled by allowing domain names to have characters from different scripts, beyond the letters (a to z), digits (0 to 9) and hyphen (-). Such domain names could contain letters or characters from non-Latin scripts (for example, Arabic or Chinese or Devanagri).

IDNs variant TLDs (both gTLD & ccTLD) have also started coming into existence.

Examples: IDN ccTLDs are: .भारत (Devanagri/India), .中國 (Traditional Chinese/China)

Examples: IDN gTLDs are: .संगठन (.org in Devanagri), .コム (.com in Japaneese)

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